The Use Of Cell Phones While Driving - 1817 Words

It is common knowledge that the use of cell phones while driving decreases driver awareness and overall road safety, and in response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have prohibited the use of handheld devices. However, there are no laws banning hands free cell phone usage, despite research claiming hands free devices are just as dangerous handheld devices. But, does their usage distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? The following will introduce arguments for both sides of this topic, one for hands free cell phone usage and the other against cell phones usage entirely. It should be illegal to use hands free devices while driving because research†¦show more content†¦Additionally, the cell phone group rated themselves worse in driving performance before and after the simulator. This indicates that driver performance is impaired by cell phone use and drivers generally know their driving is worse when using hands free devices, therefore, the use of such devices should be illegal. Other evidence against hands free cell phone use while driving is simply that talking on hands free devices is just as bad as talking on handheld devices in relation to driver performance (Ishigami Klein, 2009). To determine this, Ishigami and Klein (2009) reviewed the results of several studies that investigated the impacts of handheld and hands free cell phone usage on the detection reaction times of drivers. These studies were: Abdel-Aty (2003), Burns et al. (2002), Consiglio et al. (2003), Haigney et al. (2000), McEvoy et al. (2005), Patten et al. (2004), Redelmeier and Tibshirani (1997), Strayer and Johnson (2001), Strayer, Drews, and Crouch (2006), and Tà ¶rnros and Boiling (2005, 2006). Consiglio et al. studied the effects of auditory distractions, such as cell phone, by measuring the reaction time of participants using a non-driving, braking task where participants released an ac celerator and applied the brakes if a red light were shown. The control group performed the task without auditory stimulation. Strayer and Johnson (2001) examined the effects of phone conversation on reaction time with a computer pursuit trackingShow MoreRelatedUse Of Cell Phones While Driving860 Words   |  4 PagesAmericans rely heavily on cell phones to perform daily activities. Cell phone are used for phone calls, email, sending text messages, surfing the internet, and performing other tasks. It is unfortunate that many of these daily activities occur while a person is driving. As a result, an increase of accidents and fatalities have occurred because of the use of cellular phones while driving. Using a cell phone while driving is an epidemic that has taken our nation by storm. Most drivers believe theyRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving1503 Words   |  7 Pagesforth over the lines or driving at very inconsistent speeds. You wonder what could possibly be causing the driver to drive so erratically. Is the driver drunk? Is the driver preoccupied with eating his or her lunch? Is the driver busy attending children in the backseat? Once you pull along the side you realize that was not the case, instead you notice the driver has a cellular telephone up to her or his ear chatting away, or even worse you pass and see the driver holding a phone texting, you pass byRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving990 Words   |  4 Pages Cell phones are integral to people’s lives in Canada because they are vital communication and entertainment tools. However, the use of cell phones has remained contentious, because texting and talking on the phone are associated with distracted drivi ng. Distracted driving is, â€Å"defined as the diversion of attention away from activities critical for safe driving toward a competing activity† (Klauer, Guo, Simons-Morton, Ouimet, Lee Dingus, 2013, p. 55). Although distracted driving is also associatedRead MoreUse of Cell Phones While Driving824 Words   |  4 PagesIf you are driving at 55mph for 5 seconds in that amount of time you could cross a football field. People don’t understand how dangerous distracted driving really is. All states should have some sort of legal parameters of what happens when you get caught using your cell phone while driving. People should get a stronger/ harsher punishment for the use of a cellular device while driving. People are way more impaired when you are distracted and driving than you are drinking and driving. The problemRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving1114 Words   |  5 PagesToday, we use our cell phones for just about anything and everything to include; texting, talking to our loved ones, and connecting with the rest of the world via social media. Cell phones have become a natural way of life to where we pick up our phones and use them like second nature. However, the dangers present themselves when we get behind the wheel of a car and carry these habits of cell phone addictions with us. If all states ban the use of cell phones while driving, then there would be a reducedRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1843 Words   |  8 Pagesknown that the use of cell phones while driving decreases driver awareness and overall road safety, and in response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have prohibited the use of handheld devices. However, there are no laws banning hands free cell phone usage, despite research claiming hands free devices are just as dangerous handheld devices, but does their usage distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? The followingRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1509 Words   |  7 PagesSeveral states have enacted laws banning the use of cell phones while driving; an indication of the type of society America has become. These laws were put in place not only to keep drivers from taking phone calls, but also to deter them from posting their latest tweet or commenting on their friend’s latest picture. Social media is so ingrained in society today that many are unable to entertain a world that is devoid of such technology. With usage at an all-time high, the psychological effects ofRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesThe study was attempting to determine the thoughts and behaviors that African American freshman college students in regards to cellphone use while driving. They wanted to know how the students thought cellphones (independent variable) impact driving skills (dependent variable). Research suggests that cellphone use correlates to higher likelihood of accidents. The study used 331 (195 females and 136 males) freshman students who held a driver’s license. The students were then given a questionnaireRead More Cell Phones And Driving: Dangers Involved with Cell Phone Use While Driving1036 Words   |  5 Pagesoften. Talking on the cell phone and driving has become a very popular thing these days. Technology is coming out with the newest phones that can do everything for you and people are attracted to that. There are people that don’t have hands free and drive their car with only one hand, people that text and totally take their eye off the road and type conversations to each other. Bluetooth is another technological breakthrough where you wear an ear piece and can receive phone calls by one touch ofRead MoreStop the Use of Cell Phones While Driving854 Words   |  4 Pages13 2013 Many people driving don’t know that they can be so many wrongs they can be doing without realizing it. Plenty talk on the phone while driving, drink, text and drive. A lot of people even innocent people as well have had accidents involving one of those. Out of the three there has been one that has become more common, and it’s only increasing if people don’t put a stop to it themselves. A usage of a cell phone should not be displayed at any point while driving. It can wait many have had

Verbal And Nonverbal Cues Interact On A Daily Basis

Verbal and nonverbal cues interact on a daily basis in order to create a cohesive and informative exchange of ideas and meanings. Verbal communication is the use of sound and one’s vocal cords to produce words in which meaning is derived. On the other hand nonverbal communication ranges from mannerisms to gestures, it is the unarticulated, nonvocal information expressed during an exchange of words or ideas. Communication is the powerhouse of our species, it is the way for a species, specifically the ours to create meaningful dialogue that gives birth to poetry, arguments, and the expression of idea and concepts not grounded in the physical world. The combination of both of these invaluable forms of communication is what makes communication†¦show more content†¦In the study implemented by Sauter (2010) they examined the how nonverbal emotional cues are recognized between polar cultural groups. In their study Sauter used native speakers from the perspective groups, but outside of the participant pool, to record a story in a neutral tone in order to use later in the experiment. In the actual study Sauter (2010) played the recording to the participants over headphones, and when they were finish she played two sounds and asked the participants â€Å" which [sound] was the kind of sound that the person in the story would make.† (p. 2412) She found that vocal signals are cross culturally recognized, as well as that the vocal signals recognized in the research are the same as the those that are argued to be universally recognized through facial expression of emotion. These findings support the proposed findings that suggest that the emotions tested in this study are psychologically universal, which is due to an evolutionary set of basic emotion that are shared by all human beings. Our study revolved around the concept of understanding and recalling emotions based upon non verbal cues/ gestures. We find this furthered our understanding of emotio ns that could be used to look at understanding of emotions via nonverbal cues. Nonverbal cues are used heavily in theShow MoreRelated Communication Essay1438 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication embodies the ability for one to convey a message through the use of verbals (words) and non-verbals (behaviours) in a process to compare, transmit and interpret messages. Garside and Kleiner (2007) portrays communication as sharing thoughts and feelings with other people. For this process to be effective the message should be transmitted with maximum accuracy and minimum effort (Garside and Kleiner 2007) with mindfulness (Burgoon, Bieger and Waldron 2002) from both parties. MindfulnessRead MoreCommunication Is A Basic Life Skill1269 Words   |  6 Pagesunethical details should be avoided when encoding the message. The message will either contribute to helping the business run successful or hurt the reputation of the organization, it all depends on what is within the script. Messages are used on a daily basis in a business because that is how a manager coordinate a sch edule and also how employees receives information on tasks and polices to keep the progression of an organization. According to Dysfunctions in communication, â€Å"Managers should encourageRead MoreCommunication And How It Affects Nursing As A Profession1470 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is central to human interaction and occurs planned or unplanned on a daily basis. Using verbal, nonverbal, written, or unwritten communication are methods in which information, a person’s thoughts, and feelings are shared. To become an ultimate professional in a field, such as nursing, it is vital to be able to communicate well with peers and clients. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the pros and cons, societal issues, promotion of change, and other pertinent issues that relatesRead MoreI Am A Parent Of Two Students927 Words   |  4 Pagesprovided to them by the school while they are at home as well. We use social skills to interact and communicate with each other in a verbal and not verbal way, but unfortunately, as an UCLA psychology study mentions, â€Å"Children’s social skills may be declining as they have less time for face –to- face interaction due to social media† (Stuart). I have noticed in my children a drastic change on the way they interact with their friends and in the overall personal relationships they carry. They are muchRead MoreEssay about Communicational Aspects of Pharmacy1114 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication in the field of pharmaceutics is very important. It is important to understand how and what forms of communication best fit for your practice setting. To name a few simple and appropriate gestures, patient counseling, verbal and non-verbal all play vital roles in forming quality relationships and understanding of the pharmacy world around us. What we are trying to say is not always what the listeners hears. It is important to be as clear and precise with your answers as possibleRead MoreWhat Are Nonverbal Communication?1799 Words   |  8 Pagescommunication process, is learning and understanding nonverbal communication. This silent form of communication needs to be mastered by all people wanting to become a communicator or a leader in a ministry. Loving well is a principle established by being able to communicate and relate to people. Part of this is learning how to read the nonverbals of another person and how to properly make use of nonverbals in a message. This paper helps to define what nonverbal communication is, why they are so importantRead MoreCommunication Is Defined As â€Å"A Process Of Circular Interaction1190 Words   |  5 Pages Effective communication can be enhanced in a multicultural department by (1) developing and exemplifying the necessary cross-cultural managerial skills, (2) becoming educated about the team members and their cultural backgrounds on an individual basis, and (3) promoting a trusting work environment where individuals who come from various cultures can all respect one another in order to communicate effectively to meet team, organizational, and even individual goals. Managers must develop their cross-culturalRead MoreHow to Communicate Effectively Essay examples856 Words   |  4 Pagesyou laugh and you may pay very little attention to the point or story they are trying to get across. Effective versus Ineffective Communication With Communication you will use all types of communication in a single sentence. There are your verbal tones, the way you present yourself, the placement of your hands when talking. Do you move your hands around a lot making the listener take cover or, do you keep them in your pocket? These are again, just a few examples of communication. This willRead MoreMean Girls Case Study1541 Words   |  7 Pages key concepts that can give a good basis for understanding communication, but it is a field that goes incredibly in depth and detail. As people, we are communicating constantly, even when it is subconscious. The first proposition of communication states that one cannot NOT communicate (lecture). The signals we send, both verbal and nonverbal, are received and interpreted by those around us. Although we are unaware of every detail communicated in our own daily lives, it can be much easier to studyRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Networking On College Students Essay2391 Words   |  10 Pagessocial networking site among college students today, many which are active on a daily basis. Students may share information, pictures, and posts or their ideas in order to interact with others and to find other individuals with similar interests. Facebook can easily become an extreme habit for some college students. Therefore, college students are spending long amounts of time online and may find it difficult to interact with others face-to-face. Does the use of social networking sites decrease college

Andy Warhol a keystone in the contemporary art world Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol a keystone in the contemporary art world Essay As a great influence on the pointiest century pop art movement, Andy Warhol, painter, filmmaker, and rainmaker, rose to become a keystone in the contemporary art world. After taking cues from society in the mid-twentieth century, Warhol did what many artists strives to do but failed. Whorls imagination would begin to construct ideas that were unheard of but innovative at the same time. By altering American values, Warhol had the chance to emphasize how easily the media and pop culture influence people. Warhol was mesmerisms by Hollywood, fashion, and style. He transferred this interest to his artwork. He believed art could be fashion, decoration, and politics. He borrowed images from popular culture for his artwork. Through his obsession with money, tame, commercialism, and mass culture, he challenged fight art, which blurred the distinction between art and popular culture. All of these attributes, especially popular culture, are what truly ignited Whorls successful career, When envisioning in your mind what pop art is, there is no artist that could provide a more logical example of this other than Andy Warhol. Seen as the founder of the pop art movement, Warhol brought forward societys obsession with mass culture and allowed it to become the object of art itself. The pop art movement began in the late Sacs and early asss. It was the usage of many techniques such as repetition and color placement that differentiated this so called pop art from any other era. Warhol brought to the world of pop art his views on materialism, politics, economics, and the media. Whorls initial entrance into pop art was in the earlinesss With his Campbell Soup Cans and Green Coca-Cola Bottles paintings. Both of these artworks were basic and displayed a repetitive pattern Of soup cans and soda bottles. They were deemed ordinary and lackluster. UT Andy was quick to point out to his fans and critics to not look any deeper than the surface of his art and life. Andy Warhol always produced works that challenged the popular belief of what art should be. His works were often the cause of debate and influenced public opinion like no other cultural figure in North America. Through his series with common images, celebrities, and death, Warhol teaches us that surface images have a lot to say about pop culture. He was able to encompass all of this in two of his artworks. In his series titled Shot Marilynn. Warhol had painted five colored pictures of Marilyn Monroe, After completion, they were put in a stack and a bullet was fired through their threads. Although this gunshot was not an idea to Whorls, it can he analyzed to show the demise fame and beauty in Hollywood, Eight Elvis was a pop art painting by Andy Warhol that featured musician Elvis Presley eight times over a canvas. By having Elvis displayed repetitively, it shows how much of an influence Elvis was on the world. It also shows how much society wanted from Elvis. One can see why looking at the surface of his works often meant seeing and understanding so much more about the society in Which eve live. Warhol was also able to strip an item Of its meaning by taking a specific image out of its context. Removing its meaning also removed the connotations among the images and allowed the audience to re-think its symbolism. Whorls artworks were structural and had certain qualities to them. He was able to turn traditional advertising techniques into fine arc Andy Warhol was what the art world needed: making art that is changing the context of something, which caused the audience to feel no compassion and a sense of emptiness. This change of context is displayed in Andy Whorls Brills ice. Whorls Brills work represents a stack of shipping cartons of bars of Brills soap, With this, Warhol was able to capture the essence of how powerful advertising is through the simple use of packaging. These boxes are said to represent society and how demanding people are. .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 , .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .postImageUrl , .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 , .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:hover , .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:visited , .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:active { border:0!important; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:active , .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927 .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud9283c1bf13b3ebb1f38a87f5af2d927:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Nelson-Atkins Art Museum EssayWhorls work was very post- modernistic with his extensive use to American Pop culture symbols. Warhol focuses our attention on the significance of these objects as representatives of the unwelcoming commercialism consumer society in which we lived in. Andy Whorls deep obsession with HowlÐ’Â »voodoo icons, such as Marilyn Monroe, James Dean, and Elvis Presley, was apparent in much of his artwork throughout his career. This fixation mirrored societys obsession with superficiality of Holly. voodoo, indicating that the era of the sass was relatively devoid of intellectual and spiritual values. This was an era that was infatuated with stardom and looked upon celebrities as role models. One of the Hollywood superstars that Warhol was most fascinated with was Marilyn Monroe. Not only was she constantly the center of the medias attention, but her striking beauty served as a perfect subject for many Of Whorls paintings. After her tragic death in 1962, Marilyn came one of the principal focuses of Whorls art. He began producing works that showed Marilyn repeatedly in symmetrical rows. Some examples Of these works are Marilyn Diptych, Nine Multistoried Marilynn, and Warily. Whorls artworks expressed his love for American popular culture and his love for all things commercial. Warhol exposed the public to imagery from their daily experience and forced them to become desensitizing to these images. Pop art was an art form in which it appealed to the masses therefore it took forms that were assessable to all such as advertising which was seen in his Brills art. Ark. Warhol took this approach to his art making using techniques that he had learnt as an advertiser and applied them to his art, or lack to art, as some critics of the day calling it non-ear. It is rare for an artist to become a celebrity, hut Andy Warhol experienced much more than his Fifteen minutes to tame and became an icon of his generation. By the time of his death in 1987, he was seen as one of the most important artists of this century. Warhol was involved in many artistic fields that included painting, filming, and photography, He was a major contributor o the pop art movement, a period when mainstream objects such as comic strips, advertisements, and celebrity photos, were incorporated into many works. Whorls Campbell Soup series and later his Celebrity series, which featured Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley, are some of the most well known works of pop art that are still used in print and advertising today. By Whorls death, he had set, and then stretched the boundaries of pop art and his depictions of everything from Campbell Soup Cans to the faces of celebrities provide revealing commentary on contemporary American society.

Kraft Foods Group Management

Executive Summary Kraft Foods Group is one of the largest food companies in the world. The company has had its success due to a number of factors. For instance, the company has one of the best human resources. It respects its employees and encourages them to give the best to the organization. The culture of Kraft Foods Group also gives the company a competitive advantage.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Kraft Foods Group: Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Its mission statement, vision and values, as well as the strategies are all in line with the company’s business. They have also been vital to its success. Kraft Foods Group has a culture whereby it is always committed to its social responsibility and ensuring that the community gets a good lifestyle. In doing so, it offers food stuffs that are healthy and of high quality. The company also treats its employees and customers the best way poss ible. Kraft can improve on its current strategies to make it much better. This report will focus on how the current organization design, system and culture contribute to the implementation of its strategies and whether they fit the mission statement. The paper will then give recommendations on changes that can be made to improve the performance of Kraft Foods Group. Organizational design An organization should ensure that it has a design that facilitates the running of its business. It is important to note that the organizational design contributes to its success (Luca, 2009). For instance, a good organizational design is important in improving communication among customers, employees, managers and other stakeholders. In addition, communication is a key factor to the success of an organization. Kraft Foods Group has an organizational design that is usually decentralized. There are various divisions, each of which is headed by a director. The overall organization is headed by the CEO . The CEO communicates to the country directors who then communicate with the division managers. Division managers then communicate to the employees. However, decision making is centralized. This is important in that it ensures fast decision making. It saves on time and costs associated with decision making. The organizational design of this company helps it in implementing its strategies in that each division director is given a chance to make his or her contribution regarding their divisions.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The director presents the issues of their divisions to the planning committee. Strategic plans are then made on how to improve business in the various divisions (Garrow Hirsh, 2008). It is important to note that each division has its own business issues that should be addressed differently. Systems, on the other hand, also play an important role i n implementing the organization’s strategies. Effective systems ensure that strategies are implemented effectively and that this is done in the right way. For instance, some money might be needed for strategies to be effective. Therefore, the systems used in budget preparation should provide the required cash to ensure that the strategy becomes successful. In addition, the systems are also effective in ensuring that employees get the best treatment from the organization. It is imperative to note that the employees are the ones who contribute to the success of the organization. An organization can never move forward without employees. Therefore, there should be better performance appraisal systems that will help in motivating employees. Once employees are motivated, they will support the strategies and make it easy for the strategies to be implemented (Heneman, Fisher Dixon, 2001). Human resources are the most important resources in any organization. They are assets to an org anization and they facilitate its success. No organization can succeed without the right human resource in place. Kraft Foods Group respects its human resource capital and recognizes that it is because of the people that it has been able to reach where it is today. The quality of its employees, their knowledge and expertise are crucial factors to successful strategy implementation. The company is, therefore, usually committed to ensure that all its employees are treated well. This makes the employees feel comfortable, satisfied and able to give their all to the organization. Therefore, human resources have a positive effect on the implementation of Kraft Foods Group strategies (Garrow Hirsh, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Kraft Foods Group: Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Culture is another factor that cannot be ignored when a company wants to implement a new strategy. There are culture s that are rigid, while others are flexible. Today, the business environment is highly dynamic and organizations should have cultures that embrace change to be able to implement strategies that would facilitate success. Kraft Foods Group has a culture that encourages diversity. In addition, its culture is committed to ensuring the wellbeing of customers. Diversity has the ability to bring success to an organization. For instance, hiring different people will increase the chances of innovative ideas being brought forward. Further, a diverse workforce will bring together a wide pool of knowledge, thus more and better strategies can be proposed and implemented. Kraft’s concern about the community and the wellbeing of its customers has created a loyal consumer base. When customers are loyal to an organization’s products and services, they easily support any proposed strategies and ease the implementation process (Pryor et al. 2009). Fit or the lack of fit between the compa ny’s mission, strategy, and organizational components crucial to implementation The mission of Kraft Foods Group is: â€Å"to be North America’s Best Food Beverage Company† (Kraft, 2013). For the company to be the best, it has to implement the best strategies and be composed of the best organizational components. Kraft aims at providing high quality foods to customers, as well as offering the best services. The company is concerned about the health of customers by ensuring that its foods are good for consumers’ health. It is expected that all the activities and strategies carried out by the company should be in line with this mission. There is a fit between the mission, strategy and organizational components at Kraft Foods Group. The company implements strategies that are aimed at ensuring high quality foods and services. For instance, it hires employees who are highly qualified. Such employees are able to produce high quality foods since they have the k nowledge and skills to do so. In addition, they are in a better position to offer high quality services. One of the ways that a company can become the best is by building a strong brand image. Kraft Foods Group has been in the frontline in building a strong brand image through its corporate social responsibility (CSR). This is a strategy that is highly effective in winning the trust of customers and making the company the best.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kraft Foods Group helps in the fight against hunger and at the same time promotes good and healthy lifestyles amongst the people. Kraft Foods Group is committed to eradicating food insecurity. It does this by offering its expertise to create recipes that are affordable to any person (Kraft, 2013). The company has also been working with organizations that fight against hunger in order to give its helping hand. Kraft Foods Group is a neighbor that the community can look upon in times of disasters. Through this strategy, it has been able to create a good brand image and live to its mission of becoming the best in North America. The CSR components complement the strategies since they have contributed to the success of Kraft Foods Group. Over the recent past, the company has been working on changing its culture in order to make it better and more successful in the current business environment (Kraft, 2013). Recommendations/ changes I would make as a CEO Kraft Foods Group has been at the top of the industry in America and in other parts of the world. Its strategies have complemented its business and have been the key to its success. The company has had the best human resource; its organization structure is favorable and has systems that positively impact its business. Kraft Foods Group strives to become the best in North America and the rest of the world. The strategies set and those being set facilitate this course. However, as a CEO there are some few things I would do differently to make the company much better. Some of the changes I would make are discussed below. The organization structure is decentralized. However, the decision making process is centralized. I would decentralize the decision making process if I were the CEO of Kraft Foods Group. The company is committed to diversity and employs people from different ethnicities and races. This increases the chances of hiring an employee base that has a wide pool of knowledge and ideas. In addition, the company hires employees who have high qualifications, knowledge and expertise. Therefore, there are chances that better decisions would be made if the decision making process is decentralized. The process might take time, but the end result will be worth the time. The various knowledge and skills will be brought together and come up with better solutions to problems. The directors of various divisions should be involved in the process. They should also be given the mandate to make decisions related to their divisions. Employees should be involved too. This would not only facilitate better decisions, but it would also motivate the employees. Employees would be in a better position to support the decisions that they are involved in making. At the same time, they would feel they are part of the organization. Another change that I would make is that I would introduce products and services that favor all classes of people. The company is currently known for producing high quality foods that are costly. I would add a low cost strategy to the current differentiation strategy to attract all classes of people. The company will be producing quality products but at a relatively low cost under the low cost strategy. Such products would not be of high quality like the differentiated products, but they would also be worth the relatively lower cost. I would, therefore, change the differentiation strategy and make it a focus strategy. In this regard, the company would focus on various market segments and produce goods depending on the needs of those customers. References Garrow, V., Hirsh, W. (2008). Talent management: Issues of focus and fit. Public Personnel Management, 37(4), 389-403. Heneman, R. L., Fisher, M. M., Dixon, K. E. (2001). Reward and organizational systems alignment: An expert system. Compensation Benefits Review, 33(6), 18-29. Kraft (2013). Kraft. Retrieved from https://www.kraftheinzcompany.com/ Luca, A., M. (2006). Organizational design. Power Point Presentatio n. Pryor, M. G, Singleton, L. P., Taneja, S., Toobs, L. A. (2009). Teaming as a strategic and tactical tool: An analysis with recommendations. International Journal of Management, 26(2), 320-334. This case study on Kraft Foods Group: Management was written and submitted by user Nickolas U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Staging in Six Characters in Search of an Author essays

Staging in Six Characters in Search of an Author essays Staging in "Six Characters in Search of an Author" Pirandello's masterpiece, "Six Characters in Search of an Author" is well known for its innovative techniques of characterization, especially in the fullness of character as exhibited by the Stepdaughter and the Father, but it is especially renowned, and rightfully so, for the brilliant staging techniques employed by its author. Pirandello uses his innovative staging techniques specifically to symbolize, within the confines of the theater, the blending of the theater and real life. Chief among these, of course, is the way in which the author involves the audience in his production, to the point which, like a medieval audience, they become part of the action, and indeed, a character in its own right. The use of lines provided in the playbill was the first of its kind; never before had an author dared to ask the members of the audience to perform, even though unpaid, and indeed, paying for the experience themselves. But without those lines, how much less impressive would that moment be when the Director, understandably at the end of his rope with the greedy characters (who have been from the start trying to coerce him into writing a script for non-union wages), shouts "Reality! Fantasy! Who needs this! What does this mean?" and the audience, in unison, shouts back, "It's us! We're here!" The moment immediately after that, when the whole cast laughs directly at the audience, pointing at them in glee, is nearly unbearable for an audience, as shown by the riot after the first performance, when the audience not only ripped the seats out of the theater, but stole the popcorn. Pirandello also used a technique he inherited from the "Cirque de Soleil," involving a trapeze hung from the catwalk. But though the trapeze was not in itself his own invention, its use during the intermission as a means to annoy the audience was absolutely innovative. He had gotten the idea from w...

A Comprehensive Guide on How to Write an Engineering Essay

A Comprehensive Guide on How to Write an Engineering Essay Engineering is one the most complicated scientific disciplines that in particular offers broad topic choices and appliances to both academic performance and real-life situations. Therefore, an engineering essay writing isn’t an easy task. There are some factors of good essay writing that make such a mission almost impossible for most students to compete at the highest possible level. First and foremost, you should choose a valuable essay topic even if the approximate field of study is given Engineering. What is little-investigated in Engineering today? Remember that engineering belongs to exact sciences the terminology of which is highly specialized. The appropriate use of relevant engineering terms is the essence of your engineering essay. Concentrate on the content of your paper that should be informative for the audience using the proper academic vocabulary and strong facts. In the meantime, read 10 fun and exciting facts about engineering provided by the national society of professional engineers. Finally, you shouldn’t forget about the standard structure of an essay that shows the logical flow of thoughts from general points to specific ones with logical conclusions. The structural integrity of the text makes an essay look well-structured and easy to follow. When you are ready to start the endeavor to write a good essay on Engineering (and you need to get ready to write essays successfully if you want to finish your studies on Engineering or cross-disciplines), do all your best immediately at the beginning of the writing process. Key Pre-Writing Tips to Set You Right on the Productive Writing Stage It is evident that any productive process is comprised of some key steps. So to write a comprehensive engineering essay that would appeal to the target audience, you should have a plan of action and milestones. Think of all points your essay should have a well-chosen topic, a well-developed outline, a thesis statement, the main parts with the relevant ideas, etc. There are some pre-writing tips that you’ll find useful for your essay writing that should be coherent and logical. The primary aim of an essay author is to determine the audience that will read a particular piece of writing and the purpose of essay writing. It allows to set the tone for the content and establish the approximate ultimate effects of the essay demonstrative, informative, convincing, etc. One of the most often used reasons to start an engineering essay is to have an excellent academic performance that depends on the successful assessment of every single essay. Then, it is significant to choose a good essay topic on Engineering that can be found in this guide as well. After you determine the target audience and the purpose of your writing, it is much easier to choose a topic. The first demand of this endeavor is to follow what is defined in the requirements of your assignment given by your instructor(s). For example, your instructions are as follows below: You need to write an essay that is a three-part paper that develops a position in response to the essay question: What are the critical issues raised in Engineering during the 21st century? Find some relevant examples that support your argument. In the case when the topic sounds too general, you should appeal to your own preferences concerning what issue in Engineering you consider as the most critical and why. Almost any subject in the engineering sphere will suffice for writing a good essay to the fullest extent. Remember that a poor example of topics in engineering is a general, non-debatable theme because this science requires a narrow approach with deepening into the main analysis of the theory and practice. The following examples represent some proper topics for the engineering essay that can guide you on how to choose your own topic: Achievements of Engineering in the Android App Development; The Management of Engineering Projects; The Significance of the Renewable Energy Industry for the Future of Engineering; A Closer Look at the Commercial Work in Engineering and Its Relevance for the Industry; How Can Engineering Help with the Reduction of Pollution in the World? The History of Engineering Assistance in Exploring the Mining Industry; How Far Has the Genetic Engineering Come Today? Is It possible to Entirely Replace the Human Labor with Robotics? How Can Engineering Help with Reducing the Costs of Manufacturing in Every Possible Industry? 7 Appliances of Engineering Achievements in Little-Investigated Fields of Study Like Medicine or Public Services; Investigation of Some Engineering Mistakes in the Aviation Field; The Modern Application of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics; Materials and Structures Suitable for Better Bridge-Building; The Structural Organization of the Civil Engineering Units; Assessment of Electrical Engineering in the Telecommunication Field; Is Bio-Systems Engineering Going to Replace Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science in the future? The Engineering Background in Automatic Piloting and Its Effects on the Modern Aviation. These topics address some issues that are not only included in the assignments but represent the field of interest of most researchers and ordinary people. However, keep in mind that the given topics illustrate the broad set of variants and guide you in any particular direction of engineering research. Additionally, it is useful to introduce the basic crude notions that don’t serve as proper topic examples: Why Is Engineering Important? What Engineers Do? When Did Engineers Appear? All the mentioned examples aren’t interesting to work on as this information is easily found on the Internet today. Moreover, they don’t take into account the structural differentiation of engineering. Know that it includes such types as mechanical, civil, electrical, genetic, and others? If you are not familiar with the classification of the engineering field, you can find it at Engineer Jobs. Besides, do not pick a topic that cannot be investigated right now due to the lack of knowledge because engineering is not a fiction and requires a proven scientific background. The next step after the topic is known is to organize the future essay. Furthermore, an engineering essay has a crucial factor that differs it from other disciplines in various fields of investigation. The most fundamental part of engineering is the combination of the theoretical framework and practical appliances that play a critical role in the overall perception of the science. Thus, you should keep in mind the cooperation of both mentioned factors by providing the functional background of the issue is essential. One way to give credibility to the previous statement is to implement charts, formulas, and other specific features of the practical application. Finally, every academic writer should remember to use only credible sources of information and literature. Writing an Essay on Engineering as Required by Your Instructor After considering the audience, purpose, and topics of the paper, it is useful to start with the general outline of an essay. Ignoring this stage of writing is an unforgiving mistake that many fledgling writers do because of the lack of skills or experience. Taking this step, you should determine the crucial features of your engineering essay that can help to guide a potential reader through the argumentation of the paper. First of all, it is essential to establish a thesis statement as the central idea of essay writing that should be a core concept of the whole paper. Secondly, after deciding what statement is fundamental, you should establish some supporting points. Thirdly, research the credible sources that may assist in making your essay trustworthy. Also, outlining includes the approximate structure of how your essay will look. As an example of an appropriate way to state a topic, argument and support some main points, you are offered to follow one of the mentioned topics: â€Å"The Management of Engineering Projects†. Its central argument is: â€Å"The management of engineering projects is a complex mission that requires thorough consideration of all possible consequences and comprehensive knowledge of the field.† The supporting point is: â€Å"To make the management of engineering projects successful, it is better to describe every stage of the project in detail for a better understanding of the main notions. Besides, it is essential to point out some possible variants of what can go wrong during an engineering project.† As opposed to a good way to develop an essay, it is worth to find out what is a poor instance of essay writing. Let’s consider it based on the same topic example: â€Å"The Management of Engineering Projects†. It is inappropriate to state that â€Å"Engineering project management is a complex task.† Besides, the supporting point as follows: â€Å"It is important to manage engineering projects successfully.† won’t enhance your essay at all. So an outline of your writing plan for engineering essays should look like the following one: Determine the audience and purpose of essay writing; Decide on an essay topic; Research some reliable sources of information; Develop the main arguments and supporting points; Start writing an essay according to the basic structure; Use the sources with the proper citations and references; Proofread and edit. The Basic Structure of an Engineering Essay Previously, it was mentioned that an engineering essay differs from the other sciences and study areas due to the combination of the necessary theoretical and practical knowledge. Taking into consideration that this is an essay and not a research project or a term paper, your engineering essay should pursue the standard structure with common points such as introduction, thesis statement, body, and conclusion. However, one aspect that can stand as the substantial difference between an engineering essay and, for example, a literature essay is the use of charts or other forms of explanation of the practical appliances of engineering concepts and ideas. Also, the presence of tables changes the whole structure of an essay, but it is easy to handle this factor. If you want to include some charts in the composition, it can be done right after the characterized concepts or after the reference page in appendices that is one of the most general ways. The Introduction That Involves a Reader in Further Reading One way to interest the audience with the introduction is to use the practice of attention-getters that are the controversial or debatable positions that simultaneously involve a reader in further reading. Further, remember that the introduction is the front of your writing, and the proper establishment of the engineering issue helps to convey a point and possibly encourage further discussion or research after concluding the paper. Finally, it should be short and provide a quick guide through the topic. In fact, the primary argument, some keywords, and the thesis statement are the fundamental aspects of the introductory paragraph that starts the cooperation with an audience. However, it is possible to discourage a reader from further reading starting from the introduction of the essay. The easiest way to do it is to write the vague concepts that have no actual attachment to the topic or the argument. Also, remember not to write general ideas that are repetitive, and can be traced in almost every engineering essay such as the importance of this area or not-existing links to the non-technological sciences, for instance, history, management, leadership, human resources, and other. Do not forget that engineering is a precise field of study and includes theoretical and practical frameworks. The Thesis Statement That Is the Core of Your Essay A thesis is the last sentence of the introduction that presents the primary argument to the reader. It is the core of the whole essay, the central idea that guides a reader through your flow of thoughts in an essay, which stands as the statement that needs to be proven in the next essay parts. In fact, the proper thesis statement should be a narrow and a debatable one with the hint of the theoretical and practical appliance after the conclusion. It is possible to construct thesis statements poorly, and the following examples show how it should not be done: â€Å"Engineering can help with the reduction of pollution in the world† It isn’t known in what way engineering helps to deal with the polluted environment in the world; â€Å"Without civil engineering, cities would be impossible† It isn’t stated in what way it makes cities impossible to exist; â€Å"Engineering made significant achievement in all aspects of everyday life† There is no example of significant achievements or aspects in everyday life in which engineering plays a great role. Besides all the weaknesses of the examples above, they are too general and not intriguing. They put the reader in confusion whether it is worth to continue reading the text as these instances sound similar to well-known ideas as well. Moreover, the audience should not agree with your thesis statement simultaneously after reading it for the first time. As a rule, any thesis statement should be proven later as the result of extensive research of credible information sources. But all the main ideas of your essay should be shown in your thesis statement. Follow some examples for the better understanding of the essence of the thesis statements: Pollution is one of the most pressing challenges of the modern society, but chemical and electrical engineering are capable of improving the situation with the help of the new advancement such as electric vehicles and material for the factories. Civil engineering defined the modern notion of cities with the advancement of bridge-building, new technologies for skyscrapers, and the development of sewers and waste disposal strategies. Instead of focusing on the achievement of engineering for the various aspects of everyday life, it is crucial to focus the attention of the public on its’ hazards that can happen in the future. The Body Paragraphs That Move Smoothly The body part of your essay should develop the thesis statement established in the introduction with the help of consequential supporting points. Also, this part should be logical with the smooth transition and proper development of the core ideas you’re going to express in each paragraph. Remember about the significance of using a topic sentence that is the first lines of each paragraph. It is done with the aim to determine the sub-point(s) of each particular main point. Finally, be precise when describing the core concept and brief along with keeping the strict engineering vocabulary. The Conclusion That Is Logical to Complete Your Essay The last paragraph finishes the debate regarding the credibility of the thesis statement and summarizes the whole work. For that reason, you should restate the thesis statement to remind from what that all starts and the main points of the essay described briefly. Do not implement something new into conclusion because it is only a summary that should be logical enough so that no questions will enter the reader’s mind. Some Additional Aspects of the Engineering Essay Writing from Our Experts Remember about the logical flow of writing that eases the task for a potential reader to guess what this essay is about. Don’t forget to use some transitional words assisting to achieve the desired logic of the paper. Don’t end the paragraph with the citations. Moreover, don’t include any citation in the introduction and conclusion of your essay. Address the overall readability of essay content by making the sections no more than two hundred words. In other words, it should have a minimum of three sentences or four lines. The Use of Correct Sources for Academic Writing Besides your own original essay ideas, you need to rely on other relevant information. The use of credible sources is essential to support the arguments in the academic paper. Due to the fact that engineering is a broad science, the amount of credible pieces of research and studies that can assist you in writing is extensive as well. The following databases are helpful while constructing an engineering essay and maintaining academic integrity: Microsoft Academic; Google Scholar; Science Direct; Taylor and Francis Online, etc. Referencing Is a Key Success Factor For an engineering essay, you may use such formatting styles as MLA or APA with the following referencing forms: MLA Author’s Name. Publication Name. Publication Information (edition, volume, issue, publisher). Year of publication. APA Author’s Name. (Date). Publication Name. The source of the Publication. Publication Information (edition, volume, issue). When it was retrieved. Link. Proofreading and Editing Are Final Touches to Your Essay Writing For the final stage of essay writing, you may use all the available variants for proofreading and editing. Either way, don’t ignore it. You can read the written paper several times or offer it to someone for the feedback and fresh perspective. Besides, various web resources available on the Internet can help with spelling and grammatical checking along with checking for plagiarism. Eventually, after using some online resources, don’t be lazy to recheck your essay. But it is advisable to do it after some time after finishing a paper. As a result, your engineering masterpiece is ready for the final submission.

Research Proposal- Does adavanced maternal age contribute to Paper

Proposal- Does adavanced maternal age contribute to complications during pregnancy - Research Paper Example 135). There is a connection between advanced maternal age and stillbirths, which has been documented, though there is little information on timing of the utero fetal mortality (Benzie, 2008, p. 183). An analysis of more than five million singleton deliveries was aimed at determining the peak risk period for stillbirths among the older mothers between the age of thirty-seven and forty-one. Other studies have assessed the differential risk associated with stillbirths before labor or during labor, in order to understand the relationship, which results to tailored invention strategies focused on decreasing utero fetal problems among old mothers. Nevertheless, the paper will focus on discussing complications during pregnancy, which are associated with Advanced Maternal Age. Advance Maternal Age refers to the childbearing woman, who is over the age of thirty-five, and it is considered as relatively more hazardous from both maternal and fetal dimensions. AMA is conventionally defined as the age, which is greater than thirty-five at the time of delivery, while the modern definition refers to the Very Advanced Maternal Age, which is considered the age that is greater than or equal to the forty five at the time of delivery (King, Fountain, Dakhlallah & Bearman, 2009, p. 1678). Moreover, according to designation of AMA a woman’s fertility decreases after the age of thirty-five. In fact, one third of the women with delayed pregnancy to their mid-thirties and beyond have difficulties during delivery or physical maternal or fetal complications. In addition, these women may undergo an increased incidence of miscarriage or stillbirths, which leads to emotional and psychological trauma (Ayers, 2001, p. 91). LITERATURE REVIEW Factors Influencing women’s decision of timing Motherhood One of the factors influencing the a woman’s decision is independence, whereby a woman is more likely to makes a decision of conceiving later in her life, compared to a woman who has children earlier in order to stress the significance of independence through education, employment, and financial stability. Moreover, the readiness is also a factor that can influence a woman to delay in child bearing, since they have to feel ready for motherhood due to satisfactions of their personal goals (Byrom, 2004, p. 779). The other factor relates to the projection of their life plan, whereby they have a recurring theme of all ages with or without children, and this is projected through a metal plan for their life, which is integrated with their intentions of childbearing. The other factor relates to the biological clock, which has an impact on the decline fertility on decision concerning childbearing as a recurring theme for women at the age above thirty years. The other factor is the rates of divorce, whereby women make decision concerning timing of motherhood under the influence of their knowledge concerning the current rates of divorce in the community. The other fa ctor relates to stability of a relationship, since it is vital to women who are not willing to raise a child on their own. In fact, numerous women have case of failed long-term relationship, like marriage (Cunningham, Rivera, & Spence, 2011, p. 249). Therefore, before establishing a stable relationship, women are not deemed suitable for childbearing and childrearing.

Identification of Activities Area of Coca-Cola Assignment

Identification of Activities Area of Coca-Cola - Assignment Example The Coca-Cola Company mainly operates through a global franchise based distribution system in which the company manufactures the drinks and the syrup concentrates and sells them through various bottlers across the world in their own exclusive regions. Also, the company owns a single anchor bottling company in North America known as Coca-Cola Refreshments. The current Chief Executive Officer of the company is Muhtar Kent. The stocks of the Coca-Cola Company are listed in reputed stock exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and are major components of popular market indices like Standard & Poor 500, DJIA, the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index and the Russell 1000 index. The Coca-Cola Company has strived to attain an adequate amount of sustainability in its operations across the world. However, the company has been involved in a number of lawsuits and criticisms related to many unethical practices and human rights violation over the years of its operations. The company has been alleged with discriminatory and monopolistic practices by many social activist groups, governments, and other stakeholder groups. The lawsuits filed against the Coca-Cola Company regarding these discriminatory and unethical practices have resulted in the company being forced to alter many of its business practices, indulge more into different kinds of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities and introduce new concepts and practices related to the business processes of the company across the world. There have been continuous criticisms against the relation of the Coca-Cola Company with the United States and Middle East foreign policies. A major area in which the Coca-Co la Company has faced severe allegations and criticisms is in its operations in the developed countries like India. The allegations like the presence of pesticide residues in the beverages manufactured by Coca-Cola and water wastage in the operations of the company led to the drop in sales of Coca-Cola products in India by more than 11%. The company has always faced a number of criticisms related to the environmental harms of its business activities.

Full Day Kindergarten Essay Example for Free

Full Day Kindergarten Essay Full day kindergarten should be mandatory and of no extra cost for all of the elementary schools. This will boost the children’s academic achievement. The children that are exposed to full day kindergarten will learn more in literacy and mathematics than those in half-day kindergarten. The students that are in a full day program get to spend more time on their math, writing, and reading activities. The full day students also get the advantage of being able to participate in gym, art, and music classes. The half-day students do not get to experience gym, art, or music class. I have seen results first hand because I chose to put my son in a full day kindergarten versus the half-day. I chose to bring my son to a school that is located in Fridley so that he could receive the benefits of the full day kindergarten. The half-day program that Blaine offers has a very undesirable schedule for parents who work. The half-day schedule for Blaine elementary school is full days Mondays, Wednesdays, and every other Friday. I think that the earlier the educational intervention begins the higher the impact and the more likely the effects will be retained. Other than the health of a child, I think that nothing should be more important than their education. Giving children the opportunity to be in a full day kindergarten program gives them opportunities that the half-day students do not receive. One of the opportunities is being able to spend more time on reading, writing, and math. The teachers also have more time to sit one on one with each student one or in small groups and work on these skills. They also have a different theme for each month that they focus on. Some examples of the themes are the solar system, U. S.  presidents, maps, and the celebrations around the world. Children also absorb things more easily when they are younger. Being a mother of a full day kindergarten student, I see the results of the extra reading, writing, and math that the teacher does with him. My son is one of the youngest in his class and he is reading at a first grade level. As for his writing, he attempt to write big words using phonics. For example, I came home one day a few months ago and he had written on his dry erase board â€Å"I see a red ladebug†. He also brought home a worksheet that he had written about his favorite fruits. On this worksheet, he had written â€Å"watrmlon†. As far as his math goes, he is always measuring things in the house with a kid’s yard ruler. The themes that they work on each month give the students the ability to know what is going on in the world around them. My son came home from school one day and told me that there was a planet that was not considered a planet anymore. I did not know this and I was in complete awe. According to Debra Ackerman, â€Å"Children in full day kindergarten programs score higher on their achievement test than those in half-day programs. Full-day kindergarten advocates suggest that a longer school day provides educational support that ensures a productive beginning school experience and increases the chances of future school success. In both full-day and half-day programs, kindergartners spend most of their class time working on reading, language arts, and math activities, but the total number of minutes teachers devote to specific subjects differs. For example, 80 percent of full day but only about 50 percent of half-day programs devote more than 30 minutes each day to mathematics instruction. Sixty-eight percent of full day but only 37 percent of half-day classrooms dedicate at least 60 minutes to reading instruction each day. Perhaps most striking, 79 percent of full-day teachers read aloud to their students every day, compared to 62 percent of half-day teachers. Reading aloud is a critical activity in helping to develop children’s reading skills. Additional research shows children’s literacy learning is enhanced in full-day programs, as the full-day schedule provides a more intensive, ongoing, enriched language and literacy experience for the young child. † (Ackerman) Children in full day kindergarten programs score higher on their achievement test than those in half-day programs. I asked my son’s kindergarten teacher, Ms. Janssen, what the average for reading was for her class. Ms. Janssen stated that the majority of her students are already in the first grade reading level as of the end of the second trimester. As said by the Indiana Association of Public School Super Intendants, â€Å"Full day kindergarten programs are associated with greater reading achievement gains during the kindergarten year than half day programs†. (Plucker, 6) The students are graded on their writing and math abilities as well. According to the Kalamazoo Public Schools reports, â€Å"The group of kindergartners advanced in 2010 to first grade at Kalamazoo Public School, where 60 percent tested at or above the 50th percentile in reading on the Iowa Test of Basic Skills last April. That’s a 7-point increase compared to Kalamazoo Public School first-graders tested in April 2009, Rice said. On the Iowa Test Basic Skills math test, 52 percent of first-graders tested at or above the 50th percentile last spring, a 12-point jump over spring 2009. The Iowa Test of Basic Skills are administered in schools nationwide and is a norm-referenced test, which means scores are based on how students perform compared to other test-takers. The Kalamazoo Public School results show that 60 percent of Kalamazoo students are in the top half of first-graders nationwide in reading and 52 percent are in the top half in math. † (Mack) Children who are in full day kindergarten have better social and behavioral effects than those who are in half-day kindergarten. When children are in school for the full day they have more time to get to know the other students. They get more time to interact together socially and they are learning while they are interacting. The students also get to go to specialists and they go with their classmates. Some of the specialists that Hayes Elementary offers are music, art, Spanish, and gym. Going to the specialist is something that the full day kindergarteners get to do and the half-day kindergarteners do not get to do. These students also get to spend more time with the teacher. This means that they will be less hesitant to approach their teacher. According to Clark, â€Å"Some researchers have examined social and behavioral effects. According to researchers, a clear relationship emerged between the kindergarten schedule and childrens behavior. Teachers rated children in all-day kindergarten programs higher on 9 of the 14 dimensions; there were no significant differences on the other 5 dimensions. Other researchers who have studied social and behavioral outcomes found that children in all-day kindergarten programs were engaged in more child-to-child interactions and they made significantly greater progress in learning social skills†. (Clark) In the kindergarten classrooms of Hayes Elementary, the students get into groups called centers. During this center time, the teacher takes a group of five students to a table to do independent reading and the rest of the students go to a center. The centers are groups of three or four students and the students get to interact socially while doing something educational. Some examples of the centers are writing center, listening center, leapster center, and art center. The writing center is where the students can write freely. The listening center is where the students put on headphones, listen to directions, and write down what they hear. The leapster center is where the students get to play a handheld learning game that integrates math, reading, and spelling in the games. Finally, the art center is where the students get to draw and color what they want. When the time is up the students clean up as groups. A full day of learning offers many social and emotional benefits to kindergarteners. As stated by NEA, â€Å"They have more time to focus and reflect on activities, and they have more time to transition between activities. When children are taught by qualified teachers, using age-appropriate curricula in small classes they can take full advantage of the additional learning time—social, emotional, and intellectual— that a full day allows. Further, research finds that children adjust well to the full-day format. † (NEA) The full day kindergarten teachers plan and use the extra time in class well. The time in class is spent differently in both the full day kindergarten and the half-day kindergarten. According to the research that the Indiana Association of Public School Superintendents, â€Å"The research provides evidence that time in full day kindergarten programs is different both quantitatively and qualitatively from how time is used in half day programs† (Plucker, ii). Full day kindergarten offers benefits to teachers. Teachers prefer the full day program to the half-day program. If there is a child that is struggling with something, the teacher has the ability to find time to help that student. There is also more time to finish activities. According to Ms. Janssen, â€Å"With the full day program I am able to get through four reading groups versus two reading groups in one day. With the full day program we are able to go more in depth on our unit that we focus on in class. † (Janssen) According to the NEA, â€Å"Switching to full-day kindergarten gave teachers more time to plan the curriculum, incorporate a greater number of thematic units into the school year, and offer more in-depth coverage of each unit. † (NEA) In the half-day programs there is less time for multiple activities. According to Dr. Martinez, â€Å"Many kindergarten teachers favor full day kindergarten because they find it difficult to balance cognitive activities and affective social activities in the short kindergarten day. † (Martinez, 2) Teachers also prefer full day kindergarten because there is more instructional time than that of a half-day kindergarten program. As stated by the Indiana Association of Public School Superintendents, â€Å" Across all of the schools in the Indiana sample, the proportion of instructional time is similar across program types, resulting in much greater instructional time in full day programs, representing approximately 40-50% more instruction in full day programs than half-day programs†. (Plucker, ii) Teachers also have the benefit of getting to know the students and their parents better. According to Dr. Martinez, â€Å"Teachers state that they have a chance to know children and parents better, to do more individualization of instruction, and to expand the curriculum horizontally. † (Dr. Martinez) There are so many benefits for the children. A very important benefit is that the full day kindergarteners have the opportunity to an easier transition into the first grade because they are already used to the full day schedule. The time that the students get to spend with the teacher is a great benefit as well. The extra time that is spent with the teacher is as much beneficial for the teacher as it is for the students. According to the research from Dr. Martinez, â€Å"Teachers thought children developed closer relationships and were more relaxed in the full-day program and felt more a part of the school. Teachers indicated they were able to give more individual attention to students and that children had more time to develop both academic and socialization skills. Teachers noted they could work more on the continuing development of each child and felt children showed more advancement. Teachers indicated they felt closer to the children and that they got to know both child and family better. Some indicated in the full day they felt more flexible, were more relaxed and spontaneous, and felt better prepared to meet with parents. † (Dr. Martinez, 6) The time that the students get to spend on activities is another great benefit. According to NEA, â€Å"in a study evaluating teachers’ views on full-day kindergarten, teachers reported a number of benefits for themselves as well as children and parents. Participating in full day eased the transition to first grade, helping children adapt to the demand of a six-hour day. Having more time available in the school day offered more flexibility and more time to do activities during free choice times. Having more time actually made the kindergarten program less stressful and frustrating for children because they had time to fully develop an interest in activities. Participating in  the full-day schedule allows more appropriate academic challenges for children at all developmental levels. Children with developmental delays or those at risk for school problems benefited from having more time to complete projects and more time for needed socialization with peers and teachers. † (NEA) Full day kindergarten offers more benefits to the students that are at risk and children that come from educational and economical disadvantaged homes. If the full day kindergarten programs cost money, as most do, they cost around 3000 dollars per child for the year. The 3000 dollars is charged to the parents of the child. The children that come from the educationally and economically disadvantaged homes would not be able to attend because of the cost. These children are the ones that benefit from the program the most. According to the Indiana Superintendents, â€Å"Students at or below the poverty level enrolled in full day kindergarten scored statistically significantly higher in math and reading than their half day counterparts. Poor children enrolled in full day kindergarten programs tested statistically significantly above half day pupils on reading, spatial, and verbal skills, naming colors and letters, and identifying numerals. †(Plucker, 6) Parents prefer full day kindergarten as well. I as a mother prefer the full day kindergarten program to the half-day program. One of the advantages is that I do not have to figure out childcare and who would bring my son to the childcare. Trying to figure out childcare and school between my job schedule would be undesirable. As said by Dr. Martinez, â€Å"Full-day kindergarten saves parents day-care problems, while providing children a comprehensive, developmentally-appropriate program. Parents said that children often feel more stress when they have to go from a school situation to a day-care environment, where different rules and philosophies apply. Therefore, parents favor a full-day program, which reduces the number of transitions kindergartners experience in a typical day. † (Dr. Martinez) Full day kindergarten also takes a huge cost out of many parents’ monthly budget including mine. Even though some people would be against this and say, â€Å"Why would I have to pay for your childcare? † I would say that many parents including myself pay taxes too. Their parents wanted them to have the best education that they could have gotten. Most importantly, I know that my son and many other children are getting the best out of their day while they are in school. They are having fun while they are learning. My son enjoys being in school. If he had a choice, he would go on Saturdays and Sundays. Children attending full day kindergarten spend the day learning instead of watching television or playing video games. Full-day kindergarten provides parents with better support for their children. According to NEA, â€Å"For parents who work outside the home, full-day kindergarten means that children do not have to be shuffled between home, school, and childcare. For all parents, there is more continuity and less disruption in the child’s day and more time for focused and independent learning. One study of parent attitudes found that after the second year of a full-day kindergarten program, 100 percent of full-day parents, and 72 percent of half-day parents noted that, if given the opportunity again, they would have chosen full-day kindergarten for their child†. (NEA). In conclusion, having full day kindergarten should be mandatory. There are many benefits of the full day kindergarten program. The benefits are not limited to the students. Teachers and parents also get great benefits out of the full day program. According to MaryBeth, â€Å"Research has shown that it is important to begin learning early in life. School systems that have implemented the academically based full day kindergarten are finding it to be successful. † (Calvin) If I had to choose again if a child of mine was going to go to full day or half-day kindergarten, I would not even have to think twice. A child’s education should be one of the most important things to think about. These children will be the future and they need a great education to get there. * Works Cited Calvin, MaryBeth. Expectations for Kindergarten in 2010. 3 February 2010. 3 March 2011. http://www. suite101. com/content/expectations-for-kindergarten-in-2010-a196473 Clark, Patricia. Recent Research on All Day Kindergarten. 2004. 4 March 2011. http://www. ericdigests. org/2002-1/kindergarten. html Debra J Ackerman, W. S. Making the Most of Kindergarten. March 2005. 4 March 2011. http://nieer. org/resources/policyreports/report4. pdf Janssen.

Charles Dickens Hard Times Essay examples -- Charles Dickens Hard Tim

Charles Dickens' Hard Times The book "Hard Times" was written in 1854. It was written in weekly instalments in a magazine called Household Words. This is like a normal soap but was weekly. The magazine was owned by Charles Dickens as he was a journalist. The book was written at the time of the Industrial Revolution. This was when factories were being built near major towns and cities such as Manchester, Liverpool and Birmingham. The Industrial Revolution was a time when there were big improvements in transport as there was vast expansion in the production of iron. The factories were in the towns so people from the countryside came to the towns for work and a house. They moved because their own mills weren't making enough items of clothing etc whereas the factories could mass produce. However, there weren't enough houses so many were hastily built. This meant they had no fresh water, no sewers and no toilets. This led to a poor quality of living where people got water from communal water pipes and put their waste in a big "pile" which was cleaned by a "waste disposal man". The poor quality of living was added to by the huge smoke clouds which hung over the cities. This "smog" made it hard to breathe and was so bad seeing things became harder. The book starts when Dickens introduces the characters; the first two chapters are short yet are scene-setters. Dickens explains that; Mr Gradgrind - a politician and schools owner, Mr McChoakumchild - a new teacher and Another man - we are not told who the man is or why he is present, are in a classroom full of children. Dickens describes Mr Gradgrind as being a square man and Mr McChoakumchild as a school teacher who was fresh for the factory which "mak... ...r those concerned. This is alike real life where people we meet can be different, alien like or how might we say normal. In "Hard Times" Dickens' does write realistically in a sense. However, in the first two chapters he writes in a more exaggerated way to arouse interest in the book. As this was written in weekly instalments he would have wanted to excite his readers with interesting first chapters so that they continue to buy the magazine. I think that after the first couple of chapter when Dickens' has an interested audience he starts to write in a more realistic fashion. In conclusion, life didn't turn out the way that was expected by many characters in "Hard Times." Those who strived to have perfect children didn't. And those who were looked down on proved to be essential characters in finding that there was more to life than what they were taught.

Simplicity and change as a child

I remember finding that first rock. We were digging in the woods behind my house. The entire neighborhood: Alec, Julien, Westley, Blake, Nathaniel, and I. It was a giant pink quartz, the size of a grapefruit. The creases were packed with dirt. Chipping away at the frostbitten ground in November, we began finding more and more rocks: a small white crystal, a green gem, a slab of mica, coral, and fossils. We now had a fairly large pile of artifacts in the shoebox under my bed. I would go and look through them, thinking I had found the biggest treasure in the world. I remember Nathaniel saying how we’d all be millionaires and the two brothers fighting over what we’d spend in on. Did we want a pool for the neighborhood? A new PlayStation? The possibilities were endless, but we’d be famous anyway, the kids that discovered it all! When we had excavated the last of the rocks, we looked them over to clean out the dirt that had plastered itself into all the cracks and holes. We decided to keep it a secret, a dusty cardboard box hidden under all the other old school work under my mattress. I remember sawing back and forth against the plywood. Our swing was going to be amazing. My arm was sore and salty sweat speckled my lip. Summer sun is the most unforgiving heat, dry and merciless. I remember the metallic jingling in our pockets of the coins we had scrounged from the junk drawer. We bought some red paint and metal hooks from the hardware store downtown. I remember the kind chuckle the cashier gave us, a bunch of kids counting out all our quarters and dimes. I remember the countless tries it took to throw the ropes over the outstretched arm of that pine tree. I remember the refreshing rush of air, and not feeling solid ground on my calloused and dirty bare feet. I remember years later, seeing the swing lifeless and dangling, a paint chipping, rope rotting, rust infected memory. I remember the numbness, watery eyes, and stuffy nose. I remember the way snowflakes looked through the orange light of the street lamp. Let the battle begin. We rushed behind the wall of our castle. Westley, Nathaniel, and I, verse all. Packing the snow together with wet mittens I took an iceball to the lip. I remember the strength it took not to cry. The war began to die down; I remember leaning back and falling into the forgiving snow and watching my breaths turn into soft clouds against the piercing black sky. I remember snowflakes on my eyelashes; we were all going to be friends forever. I remember the day Julien moved away. I remember the day Westely started middle school. I remember the day Alec didn’t want to come play football. I remember the day Nathaniel had too much homework to go outside. I remember the day I realized the unforgiving nature of time, the inevitability of change, and the pricelessness of simplicity. Everyone gets the, â€Å"have fun now, ‘cause it won’t last forever kid!† from a sassy grandparent who you don’t want to believe. Sure, nothing can last forever, but I’ve got plenty of time to be a kid. The memories of simplicity that I hold onto so closely are the things that I appreciate most. They are what construct the skeleton that the layers and complications of my life cling to. Every day I feel how precious it is to have modesty, clarity, and sincerity. I remember simplicity.

The Hard Times by Charles Dickens

The book Hard Times written by Charles Dickens is a story about a Lancashire Mill Town in the 1840†³s. The novel is divided into three books. Dickens titles the books accordingly to prepare the reader for what is about to come, and throughout the novel he shows the effects of the education system, the setup of the caste system, and the Industrial Revolution had on society through this small town of Coketown. The main characters of the novel show the English caste system of the 19th century by showing how one influences the other and the amount of power the bourgeois now have in society. They own the factories. Therefore, they have the money and, because of the changes coming from the revolution, have some power in society. The titles of the three books, â€Å"Sowing†, â€Å"Reaping†, and â€Å"Garnering† shows significance in the way Dickens is trying to help the reader get an understanding of what is to come. Dickens shows the way the working classes are fighting for a say in the way they are treated at work by forming unions and how a bad negotiator can ruin things. He shows from the start that the education system is based on â€Å"fact† and not â€Å"fancy. The breakdown of the â€Å"fact† based education is shown when Gradgrind himself asked a question that is not fact based. In the end, the whole system of education is reversed and the â€Å"fancy† is fancied. The novel can be summarized as a book about two struggles. One struggle is between fact and imagination and the other is the struggle between two classes. Thomas Gradgrind, the father of Louisa, Tom, and June not only stresses facts in the classroom in which he teaches, but also at home to his family. He has brought up his children to know only the â€Å"facts. Everything is black and white, right or wrong with nothing in between. Gradgrind does not like the idea of going to the circus or having flowered carpet. Everyone knows a person cannot have flowered carpet. He would trample all over them and they would end up dying. The second struggle is between the classes is illustrated between Stephen Blackpool and Bounderby. Blackpool represents the working class and Bounderby the bourgeois or middle class. He is a warm-hearted man who feels he deserves this mediocre life. Blackpool was once an employee under Bounderby and was fired for standing up for his beliefs. He believed that the union was taking anything that was given to them because they could not expect anything better. Stephen stands up for his fellow workers asking for reform and this makes Bounderby mad so he fires Stephen. This was typical during the Industrial Revolution. The run down society Dickens speaks of is that created by the Industrial Revolution. The air is filled with smoke that the working class have to breath. The water is turning colors with pollution caused by the factories. The people who are most effected by this are people like Blackpool, the lower class. Dickens shows Stephen and Bounderby as a typical worker-employer relationship. Dickens shows the way in which the factories were run at this period. A person could lose their job simply by disagreeing with what he felt was wrong because the employer did not really care about the employee. This is the way the workers were treated with no respect. In contrast to the industrial revolution, it would be highly unlikely that a middle class citizen such as Bounderby to employ an aristocrat. The titles of the three books (â€Å"Sowing†, â€Å"Reaping†, and â€Å"Garnering†) are named in a way of giving a special reference to the upbringing and the education of the children. The titles together show the basic plot of the story. â€Å"Sowing,† suggests that in the 1st book the idea of the children being sown with facts and it also lays the foundation of the plot of the novel. They are being taught fact. Where 2+2= 4 and nothing else matters, there is no gray area. Everything is either black or white and nothing else. They are not taught emotion. The 2nd book talks of the reaping or harvesting. In this book, Dickens shows that whatever was sown in the first book, the consequences are now being seen. For example, Louisa Gradgrind Bounderby was sown with the seeds of Fact. She used facts to decide upon marrying Bounderby. It would help Tom out and get him a high position in Bounderby†s bank. We can tell that she did not want to marry Bounderby when she said, â€Å"There seems to be nothing there but languid and monotonous smoke. Yet when the night comes, fired bursts out, father! † This seems be symbolism to a negative view of marrying Bounderby. In other words, she is saying that there would be repressed feelings of passionate love and if this marriage would to happen and deny her the opportunity of love. She would be susceptible to being seduced. This almost happens with Mr. James Harthouse. Here Dickens is referring to the Bible where there is a concept of â€Å"whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap†(Galatians 6:7). Thus, being married to Bounderby, Louisa had harvested an unhappy marriage. The 3rd book, â€Å"Garnering†, is about how characters are starting to pick of the broken pieces of their lives. Mr. Gradgrind starts to help his children put together pieces of their lives by promising to teach them the â€Å"fancy† or emotional side of life along with the â€Å"facts. † The main characters in the story are representative of the 19th century caste system. The aristocracy is represented through Mrs. Sparsit and Mr. Harthouse. Mrs. Sparsit is motivated by an underlining jealousy towards Bounderby; she works for him, throughout the book. During this time in history, there was a conflict of power going on. The middle class was gaining it and the aristocracy was losing it. Mrs. Sparsit despises Bounderby and his philosophy that he is a â€Å"self-made man. † Mr. Harthouse lives the life of a typical aristocrat. He lives the idle life, only moving to Coketown to find something to occupy him. He tried to steal Louisa away from Bounderby. This shows that Harthouse still felt that the rules didn't apply to him being aristocratic. Bounderby, Thomas Gradgrind, Tom Gradgind, and Louisa Gradgrind represent the middle class. Bounderby is the typical successful middle class citizen of this time. He has a lot of wealth and influence and he does not care about his employees. The father, Gradgrind, is driven by a firm belief in his educational system. Therefore, pounds facts into his children. Tom Gradgrind is later revealed as very weak and becomes a person only interested in what he can get no matter how it affects other. He is heartless. Louisa is a poor girl trapped in the middle. Both her father and brother push her to marry Bounderby. She only does this to make them happy, but we see throughout the book that she has an interest in the fancy side of life. Sissy Jupe and Stephen Blackpool represent the lower class. Sissy Jupe is orphaned at the beginning. Blackpool is a worker for Bounderby. Both are very uneducated, but very compassionate people. Blackpool and Jupe show throughout the book the typical lower class citizen. They were very compassionate towards their fellow man and help whenever they could. In looking at the aspects of the 19th century. Dickens gives a description about how the â€Å"hands†, or the workers, were being mistreated and that there was little hope that they would be helped. Dickens† views towards unions at this time are that they were just as corrupt as the employers. Slackbridge is one of the union agitators. He claims to be for the union, but Dickens describes him as a false prophet. He was not a very good negotiator for the union. Even his name suggests that he is a very poor â€Å"bridge† between the workers and the owners. Slackbridge takes whatever is offered and that is not much at all. The Gradgrind education system backfires on Gradgrind himself. This is seen through an ironic situation between him and Bitzer, Bitzer was an excellent product of the â€Å"system. † Bitzer had stopped Gradgrind†s son Tom from leaving town. Tom had been caught stealing money from Bounderby†s bank. By this time Gradgrind has become a more emotional man, torn down by the constant failure in life by his own children. In an effort to save Tom from any jail time, he was planning to send Tom away from town. The emotions felt by Gradgrind become too much for him and in a â€Å"broken down and submissive† manner asks Bitzer, â€Å"have you no heart. † Bitzer replies. â€Å"No man, sir, acquainted with the facts established by Harvey relating to the circulation of the blood can doubt that I have a heart. † The irony is that Gradgrind taught Bitzer to think in this manner. Bitzer uses facts to undermine a question clearly related to compassion, which Bitzer does not have. Gradgrind would have answered the question the same way at the beginning of the novel. Toward the end of the book, fact and fancy became reversed. Why was that? It was because of the realization that the Gradgrind education system failed. Teaching only facts was not the best way of eduacating the children. Gradgrind himself figures this out when he sees his own children failing at life. Dickens illustrates that the education system of this time was educating people to not think on their own. Their imaginations were suppressed and that it also was not interested in making well-rounded students, but denying children their childhood. The significance of the ending being in the circus is that is the complete opposite of everything that was being taught at the beginning. The institution of the school of fact is totally gone. A new way of looking at life has arisen. Facts can no longer the only thing in life. The necessity of compassion, love, and understanding are now shown to be of more importance that learning facts alone. The entire Gradgrind system of facts proved to be a failure, and Gradgrind learns that emotions and imagination are the controlling forces in everyone's life. Gradgrind is filled with repentance for ruining the lives of his children, as he decided to make â€Å"his facts and figures subservient to Faith, Hope, and charity. † In Dickens three books in the novel, we are shown the effects of the education system, the caste system, and the Industrial Revolution had on society through this small town of Coketown To me the book was a good portrayal of what life in the 19th century would have been like. The breakdown of society from a single towns standpoint through the eyes of Dickens is amazing. In my opinion, I felt that the voice of Gradgrind had the most impact throughout the novel. As the novel progresses, so does the attitude of Gradgrind. He slowly faded away from his idea of education of nothing but fact, to completely abandoning that philosophy and promises to intertwine the two. Also, he showed that he was a stronger man, by standing up to Bounderby when Louisa came home. He allowed her to stay and Bounderby divorced her. Gradgrind did this out of love and with no concern about what Bounderby thought or would â€Å"say† about it.

United colours of Benetton essays

United colours of Benetton essays UNITED COLOURS OF BENETTON TOSCANIS ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS Over the years, advertising has become the single largest source of visual imagery in our society. No matter where we look, we see advertisements trying to sell us everything from food to cars. We often see images of beautiful people enticing us to spend our money on products we think we need, hoping that by purchasing the product we too will reap the benefits of owning it. Not long ago however, an Italian clothing designer named Luciano Benetton changed the face of advertising forever by employing Oliviero Toscani as chief of advertising at Benetton. Instead of showing Benettons products in its advertisements, they have chosen to show images related to important world issues in an apparent attempt to raise awareness. In this essay, I shall discuss the social and cultural implications of Benettons advertisements to discover why they have become so criticised and whether or not they are beneficial to society today. It was in 1989 that Benetton became the first company to eliminate pictures of its products from its advertisements. In their place, Benetton uses powerful images of AIDS victims, racism, war and now even death row inmates. In the same year, the trademark United Colours of Benetton was officially adopted. The campaign trademark and philosophy is the result of the combined efforts of company president Luciano Benetton and photographer Oliviero Toscani. Benetton and Toscanis personal ideas and perspectives on advertising have since become very similar with Benettons corporate image. Toscani is in fact only interested in the world and people. Toscani, who has a long history in dealing with art, was given total control over Benettons advertisements. His decision to completely remove the product from the advertisements stems directly from his beliefs about the problems of contemporary ad...